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Osteoarthritis is a syndrome of generalised damage to joint structures. It is most common in middle-aged and elderly people. The disease is favoured by genetic predisposition, overweight, working in a standing position, lifting heavy objects and local factors such as joint trauma, joint acetabular dysplasia, bone necrosis, endocrine disorders, spontaneous wear of the joint acetabulum and femoral head.
Symptoms:
In the initial stage, there may be :
At a later stage, it appears:
Early detection of the disease is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of the patient. Failure to treat can lead to progressive restriction of mobility of the hip joint and even disability due to contracture and soreness during loading, making it impossible to get out of bed, sit down and dress.
Treatment options for hip osteoarthritis depend on the severity of the disease, the patient's response to pain and associated limitations in activities of daily living, the patient's age and general health.
Treatment includes the following principles:
Endoprosthesis:
It involves the complete replacement of the joint. It is the only method that allows walking without experiencing pain. Most hip replacements consist of three basic components: a titanium stem, a ceramic head and a high-quality plastic socket. These prostheses differ essentially only in their method of attachment to the bone and are therefore distinguished between cemented prostheses, which are cemented in place in a similar way to a „dental filling”, and cementless prostheses, which are implanted by wedging and subsequent bone ingrowth. In many cases, poor mechanical strength of the bone makes it impossible to implant a cementless prosthesis.
In our centre, we perform both types of endoprosthesis procedures after the patient has been orthopaedically and anaesthetically qualified. We implant endoprostheses from the American company SMITH & NEPHEW and from the companies AESCULAP, CENTRAMENT and BIOMET.
Length of stay:
The hospital stay lasts an average of five to 10 days and ends with initial rehabilitation to enable walking on crutches.
After treatment:
Following surgery, the patient remains under constant supervision at the hospital's orthopaedic outpatient clinic, from where he is referred for a three-week course of improvement treatment at a renowned rehabilitation centre.
Waiting time:
The waiting time for surgery varies from 2 to 4 weeks.
What is hip replacement surgery like?
The operation takes between two and four hours. The diseased cartilage and bone of the hip is replaced with an endoprosthesis. The prosthesis is inserted into the core of the femur and fixed, for example with special cement. The hip endoprosthesis has microscopic pores for the bone to grow into, fully integrating with the prosthesis. After the operation, the patient is kept under observation and given intravenous electrolytes, antibiotics, painkillers and anticoagulants. Shortly after the operation, while still in hospital, the patient begins non-exertive exercises to improve circulation in the lower limbs and improve the leg muscles. He also learns how to walk on crutches and how to do exercises at home. Several weeks of physiotherapy are necessary to regain full mobility.
In preparation for hip replacement about a week before the operation, blood clotting agents such as Aspirin, Acard, Polocard etc. should be discontinued, and anti-inflammatory and painkillers such as Ketonal, Profenid, Febrofen, Diclofenac, Diclac, Apo-diclo,Dicloberl, Dicloratio, Voltaren, Majamil, Naklofen, Olfen, Revodin should be restricted. After hip endoprosthesis implantation you should:
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